Outward folded rim: 15 β Common Judahite/Iron IIB bowl form. The folded or thickened rim (often outward-projecting) is a hallmark of local Judean highland pottery, seen widely in 8thβ7th century contexts.
Carinated with everted rim: 20 β Carinated (angled shoulder) bowls with everted (flaring outward) rims are a widespread Iron Age II type in Judah and broader southern Levant. They continue earlier Canaanite influences but are fully integrated into Judahite assemblages.
Straight wall: 10 β Straight-sided or vertical-walled bowls, typical of utilitarian Judahite forms in the Iron IIB period.
Elongated: 12 β Elongated juglets (often dipper or spindle-shaped) are common in Iron Age II Judah for holding oils or perfumes. They appear frequently in burials.
Small black: 6 β These refer to "black juglets" (grayish ware with black burnished slip). They are a well-known Iron Age II type found across Palestine/Israel, including Judahite contexts. They often contained perfumed oils and occur in funerary settings from the 10thβ8th centuries onward, with continuity into the 7th. While some early examples have Cypriot or Phoenician influences, by Iron IIB they are locally produced and integrated into Judahite assemblages.
Small beige: 8 β Small beige/cream-ware juglets, again typical of local Iron Age II production in Judah for cosmetic or oil use.
Others: 10 β Generic category, likely including minor variants of the above or simple hemispherical/rounded bowls common in Judahite burials.
Decanter: 16 β The decanter (often with sharp angular shoulders, tall neck, and ring base) is a distinctive Judahite vessel of the late 8thβ7th centuries BCE. It is frequently associated with Judahite sites and appears in domestic and funerary contexts across the kingdom (e.g., Lachish, Jerusalem area). It is not typical of Edomite or other neighboring cultures.
Red slipped: 10 β Red slip (a burnished or matte red surface treatment) is extremely common on Judahite jugs and bowls in Iron IIB. It is a local decorative technique widespread in the southern Levant, especially Judah, often linked to Iron Age II workshop traditions.
Others: 15 β Likely includes plain or simply treated jugs of standard Judahite shapes (e.g., with handles, rounded or pointed bases).
All listed vessel types belong to the Iron Age II Judahite (Kingdom of Judah) material culture, specifically the 8thβ7th centuries BCE (pre-700 BCE into the 7th century). They reflect local highland pottery workshops serving Judahite communities in the Jerusalem corridor area.
No forms here are diagnostic of Edomite culture. Edomite pottery (when present in Judah) typically features painted decorative motifs (e.g., triangles, birds, or geometric designs in red/black), specific cooking pot shapes (often with certain rim profiles or handles), and cultic items linked to the god Qos. These appear mainly in the eastern Negev border zones from the late 8th/7th centuries onward, not in central/highland Judah burial caves like this one. The assemblage here lacks painted "Edomite" wares, Qos-related inscriptions, or hybrid foreign traits.
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